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Circumference equals π times diameter (C = πd) or 2π times radius (C = 2πr), providing the distance around any circular cross-section of your rodless cylinder.
TSA (Total Surface Area) includes all cylinder surfaces using formula 2πr² + 2πrh, while CSA (Curved Surface Area) only covers the lateral surface using formula 2πrh.
Cylinder height is the perpendicular distance between the two circular bases, measured as the straight-line length along the cylinder’s axis using calipers or measuring tape.
A flat sphere (oblate spheroid) has volume V = (4/3)πa²b, where ‘a’ is the equatorial radius and ‘b’ is the polar radius, commonly found in pneumatic accumulator and cushioning applications.
Rod area is the circular cross-sectional area calculated as A = πr² or A = π(d/2)², where ‘r’ is the rod radius and ‘d’ is the rod diameter, critical for force and pressure calculations.
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