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Grease aging occurs through oxidation, thermal degradation, mechanical shear, and contamination processes that break down lubricant molecular structure, causing viscosity changes, acid formation, and loss of protective properties over 6-24 months depending on operating conditions.
Stick-slip occurs when static friction exceeds kinetic friction in cylinder seals, causing alternating periods of sticking and sudden movement that create characteristic “stuttering” motion patterns.
In dry air applications, PTFE seals offer superior low-friction performance and chemical resistance, while polyurethane seals provide better wear resistance and load-bearing capacity at a lower cost.
Friction force calculation in large bores requires distinguishing between static friction (breakaway) and dynamic friction (motion). Generally, static friction is 20-30% higher than dynamic friction, and accounting for this difference is crucial for accurate sizing and smooth operation.
Boundary lubrication failure occurs when the protective fluid film between the rod and the bearing surface breaks down, allowing direct contact between asperities. This friction generates intense localized heat and abrasion, which is the primary root cause of scoring in cylinder rods.
